A Reflection on Al-Farabi's Practical Philosophy

Al-Farabi's practical philosophy is one of the most important pillars of his thought on the relationship between knowledge, politics, and human happiness. This article examines Al-Farabi's reading of Greek practical philosophy, especially the ideas of Aristotle and Plato, in the context of Islamic thought. Al-Farabi, as the founder of Islamic philosophy and a second teacher, attempted to reinterpret the Greek rational system within the framework of the religious Medina. by accepting the epistemological and ontological foundations of Greek philosophy, he attempted to create a synthesis between practical philosophy and the Islamic civil system. This research is conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and examines Farabi's practical philosophy and its relationship with the concept of "Mellah". It uses content analysis to examine key concepts such as "Medina Fazeleh", "Rais awwal" and "Mellah" in Farabi's works. The findings of the research show that by introducing the first head (philosopher-prophet), Al-Farabi is trying to design a social system in which reason and revelation are aligned with a common goal (realization of Qasavi's happiness) and social relations and civil order are regulated and mapped on the natural order. In this system, philosophy and religion complement each other as two paths for the transmission of rational knowledge and public persuasion in society. The results of the research show that Al-Farabi designed an independent system that, although inspired by Greek philosophy, has an independent logic within its intellectual framework.